Healthy Living Essay

Why is a healthy lifestyle so important for us? It is important because it can help us to avoid the disease and illnesses such as hypertension and cancer. Having a healthy lifestyle also makes the life become more enjoyable and the most important thing is a way to keep our body in good condition in order to accomplish day-to-day tasks. When you’re living a healthy lifestyle in your future, it will make all of us have a healthy body and mind. It is also very important to have a healthy lifestyle because it will save your life in the future. By living a healthy lifestyle you will be fit and you’re able to do things that you have never done before, or even thought about. In addition, there are several ways to maintain a healthy lifestyle that is exercise, eating healthy and reducing stress. Exercising regularly is very important because through exercise it can boost the metabolism in our body. It also can help us burn off the excess calories in body and increase the mobility in our muscle and joints. Next, eating healthy is also a very important way. Eating healthy does not mean eating expensive food with little waste. We should choose to eat the food that contain minimal amount of unhealthy fats. We must also choose to eat a variety of different whole foods instead of eating processed foods. Last but not the least, healthy lifestyle can bring us lots of benefits that we can’t be expecting. Managing your weight is the key to obtaining all of the health benefits of a Healthy Lifestyle. A weight reduction of just 10% will significantly reduce risk of heart disease and other obesity-related illnesses. The other benefits are reduced tension and blood pressure. There are so many ways to having a healthy lifestyle and we can take more benefits from having a healthy life. So, let’s practice this healthy lifestyle by doing exercise regularly, have enough sleep, eat a balanced diet, and stay away from unhealthy habits such as consume junk food, and don’t ever having a lot of stress. Be healthy, be happy. Sources: www.health.com www.wholeliving.com www.healthylivingforlife.com www.shape.com

Patricia Bath Biography

Patricia Bath, born in 1942, faced many problems dealing with discrimination as she climbed her way to the top in her profession. During her life time she had completed many accomplishments such as, making a safer and more efficient way to help cataract patients. Patricia at an early age had begun to love science because of her mother and her father, who was also the first African American in his profession. As she was pushed by her parents to pursue a successful career, she begun to strive for and use all she had to get to that point in her profession of ophthalmology. In honor of black history month, many students have learned about many happenings that lead up to having this dedication and many people who helped contribute towards it. Patricia Bath from an early age began making decisions to later help her achieve many goals in ophthalmology, which among all others was the Laserphaco Probe. Many problems stood in Patricia’s way as she began to make her first achievements, but many believe that these obstacles just pushed her further (Lindberg, M. D. ). Throughout her life Patricia was the first African-American woman to do many things. She was the first to complete a residency in ophthalmology as an African American. In her department, she was the first female at UCLA’s Jules Stein Eye Institute in 1974. Her profession was dealing with those who had cataracts and in 1988 she really contributed in that aspect, she had created the Laserphaco Probe. The Laserphaco Probe is Patricia’s accomplishment that she is most known for. As she began to work on this device, she used it on human cadavers and through many of these tests, she made various modifications (Patricia E. Bath). The Laserphaco Probe then and now uses a laser to more efficiently, effectively, safely, and painlessly remove the cataracts from a person’s eye. Through this she was also the first African-American female doctor to ever receive a patent, much less than in four different countries (Biography Channel). The lasers on this invention vaporized the films on the eye of the patient without doing any or severe damage to the eye itself. Patricia now works as an educator to upcoming ophthalmologists at her new Residency Training Program. Ophthalmology has been her main profession hroughout her life and even after retiring from her original place of work she was elected to the Center’s Honorary staff (Lindberg, M. D. ). As defined by the (Merriam Webster) dictionary her profession is, â€Å"a branch that deals with the anatomy, physiology and diseases of the eye. † Another milestone in Bath’s life was that she, â€Å"co-founded the American Institute for the Prevent ion of Blindness, which established that â€Å"eyesight is a basic human right† (Biography Channel). However, to get this far in life education was necessary. Bath went to a variety of colleges ranging from Hunter College to Howard University to Colombia University. Patricia Bath will forever be known as the inventor of a device for cataract surgery, or better known as the Laserphaco Probe. Though facing many obstacles throughout her life Bath overcame them and spun them in her favor to be the first to do many things. To think that this all started with the chemistry set given to her by her mother as a young girl (Biography Channel). Along with her other inspiration she did this, which was the love of humanity and passion for helping others. Bath continues to further help her profession by introducing and inducting new future successors into her field through her training program. Work Cited Page Lindberg, M.D., Donald. â€Å"Patricia Bath.† Changing the Face of Medicine. Harvard Medical School, 19 Feb. 2013. Web. 19 Feb 2013. . â€Å"Patricia Bath.† 2013. The Biography Channel website. Feb 20 2013, 01:27 http://www.biography.com/people/patricia-bath-21038525. Patricia E. Bath, MD [email  protected]

Organizational Analysis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organizational Analysis - Case Study Example This study aims at analyzing the organization of Tesco through analyzing Tesco’s structure, internal and external environment, and Tesco culture and competitive advantage. Organization structure involves the manner in which an organization relates with the employees, the production lines, processes and functions, and decision-making process in the organization (DuBrin, 2000). Tesco has a hierarchical structure as evidenced many levels and accountability to more than one person by the employees at Tesco, who have to make decisions before the information is handed over to the CEO for final decision-making. A hierarchical organization structure involves a large amount of workers answering t supervising officers who answer to another upper level and this continues to the CEO, at the highest level, Terry Leary at Tesco (DuBrin, 2000).. The hierarchical structure at Tesco allows the employees to have an understanding of their expected duties and carry them without having to be over supervised. The hierarchical structure at Tesco also clearly defines authority and responsibility for every employee ensuring everyone is aware of the costs that occur when the t asks are not fulfilled within the required timeframe. Employees at Tesco are divided into various departments aimed at augmenting efficiency and better performance. The departments at Tesco include administration, finance, distribution, ICT, human resource, marketing, customer service, sales, research and development, and production. Each of the departments is responsible for different actions at Tesco to deliver growth and profitability aspirations of the organization. On products, Tesco has different product divisions determined on prices, packaging, and quality. These product divisions include Tesco Finest, Tesco, Tesco kids, Tesco Organic, Tesco Healthy living, and Tesco Value. Test Finest are products of the highest price and quality while Tesco Organic includes

The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln Research Paper

The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln - Research Paper Example Who assassinated Abraham Lincoln? Did other politicians hire the killer or was the killer himself a politician? Did the man behind the shooting of President Abraham Lincoln have any personal interests in his death? What exactly did he stand to gain if the president died? Where exactly did the assassination of Abraham Lincoln take place? What kind of weapon did the assassinator use to perpetrate the act? The person who killed Abraham Lincoln was not a politician but a renowned actor, John Wilkes Booth. The death of the president as he thought would put an end to the civil war, giving the Confederates victory over the Union. To understand the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, it is important to know the person who killed him and the motive behind the assassination. Moreover, the factors that facilitated the killing of the president will help in shedding light on the issue. A myriad of questions focusing on the main reason why Booth had to assassinate the president arose shortly after h e killed him. At the time he was killing Abraham, Booth was not only rich but famous too, owing to his acting prowess. Coming from a family of successful actors, he was a highly rated actor, earning approximately $20,000 while most of the people in the United States earned an average of $3,000 annually. John Wilkes Booth on 14th April 1865 managed to pull the trigger of a .44 caliber derringer pistol, from the president’s box in a full Ford Theatre, firing a single bullet that killed the president (Good, 11). As Streers writes, â€Å"at approximately twenty minutes past ten o’clock on that fateful night of April 14th 1865, the famous actor John Wilkes Booth entered the box above and fired a bullet from a small derringer pistol into the brain of Abraham Lincholn† (12). Amid the laughers of the audience, the actor took aim at the president, shot at his head before jumping into the stage and escaping into the night. However, after two weeks of chasing Booth, the po lice found him at a barn in Maryland, where a Union officer shot him in the neck killing him two hours later. Box and John (18) argue that, â€Å"I do not look upon the murder of the President as an act of mere private vengeance; it was a blow aimed at the people who elected him and for the principles he represented.† According to Steers (20-30), having been born in Maryland, Booth openly supported the Confederate during the civil war of America. Additionally, he advocated for slavery, which was in contrary to Abraham’s perception on slavery (McCarty 50). Booth reasoned that by supporting the slaves, Lincoln was out to overthrow the constitution of the United States and destroy the south, which he so much loved. Booth was unsatisfied and angry with the management of the war, especially the handling of the war prisoners (McCarty 5). Moreover, when general Ulysses Grant stopped the exchange of the war prisoners as the war approached its end, Booth became even more agitat ed. Inspired by his personal opinion of how things ought to have been, the ardent supporter of slavery believed that the south had every right to be free to decide on its own on issues such as slavery and governance (Box and John 18). The progress of the war greatly wrecked the south, a region where slavery was legal, which motivated them to fight effortlessly to win the war. Lincoln on the other hand supported the north, the segment that was against slavery in the United States. Nevertheless, Booth thought that the death of the president as well as other high-ranking politicians among them the vice president, Johnson and the Secretary of The State, Steward would help the south in winning the civil war. According to Booth, if the three politicians died simultaneously, it would throw the union government into a turmoil that would automatically give the Confederates an upper hand in the war. As he learned from the media and from Lincoln’s character and media, Lincoln was easy t o reach. Fradin (19) writes, â€Å"

E-Commerce Critique Business Structure and Model Essay

E-Commerce Critique Business Structure and Model - Essay Example In this essay, the author will look into the benefits and risk of e-commerce, the types of legislation that have been introduced to protect the consumer and business alike. E-commerce is the easiest, most convenient way of conducting business over the internet for business professionals and individuals. Conducting business over the internet is simply visiting specific websites, also referred to as surfing the web, for online shopping or business related matters. E-commerce is defined as any kind of transaction performed over the internet where there is an exchange of money for goods or services. A transaction like that is paid for through the use of a credit card. E-commerce occurs when individuals use the internet by visiting websites for online shopping of goods or services. It also occurs when business professionals surf the web to conduct business with other business professionals. There is a close analogy between a website that sells woman’s clothing and a store at the ma ll that also sells woman’s clothing, here referred to as an online store. One of the differences between a retail store and an online store is that while the store has limited hours of operation, an online store is open twenty-four hours a day and seven days a week. Finally, one other difference between a retail store and an online store is that a retail store offers a shopper more options of payment while an online store requires a payment by a credit card only. Download this essay and you will get your A+.

Philosophy of Sleep and Habit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Philosophy of Sleep and Habit - Essay Example   Individuals are almost rational in our choices. People make decisions. Being irrationally rational is absurd. Even though sometimes people follow the demands of their desires but when the brain is engaged, people can make rational decisions unless they are oblivious of the knowledge or wisdom needed to make a decision.It is true that most of the choices individuals make in life are habitual. Habits follow desires and people usually like activities that are habitual, because if fulfils their satisfaction. However, not all habits are good for health. To control following the habitual demands, one has to be aware of the habit to make informed and sound decisions. Only after being aware of the consequences of the habit can on engage the reasoning mind and make rational decisions.Even though the concept of reward and penalty might sound or might even appear practicable, it is improper to use financial reward or penalty to install a good habit or give up a bad one by strengthening will power. Decisions are made from a sound and conscious mind. It takes acceptance and will to make a rational decision and filter what to accept as a good habit and discard that regarded as a bad one.Personal commitment contract in an Islamic point of view could mean coming into a personal contract, agreement or covenant with one’s self toward fulfilling a specific task or goal. It is like having a diving interaction with one’s self and promising to accomplish a goal – a goal, which you must commit to henceforth.   

Impact of internet on travel agencies in UK Essay

Impact of internet on travel agencies in UK - Essay Example This essay "Impact of internet on travel agencies in UK" outlines the whole changes that the Internet brought in the travel industry. The travel agencies have a very hectic service to provide to its customers. Traveling to a new location is a very hectic and risky enterprise. The tourists have to take into account very small details in traveling which they might not consider when at home. These include travel and mode of travel, the costs and expenditures, the number of days that the tourists plan to stay, locations where they want to travel and the times set for that, food and accommodation, good maintenance services for clothing, dining, eating etc., and recreational spots etc. A travel agent therefore, not only has to help the tourist decide where he or she should go for the vacation but also has to take care of these essential and miniscule details. The more thorough the travel agent is in planning the whole trip for the client, the better ranked the company is. But all these arr angements cannot take place without the essential ingredient of money. The client’s choice of tourism spot is largely dictated by the amount of money he or she can spend on the trip. Again it is the travel agent who should have the ingenuity of choosing travel spot that is right for the client, is able to provide the necessary services required and lets the customer think that he or she is getting a great deal. So where does the internet help in all this? The internet simply stating, has become the tool that organizes and categorizes this vast information. into a form that is both comprehendible to the client and that is able to provide the necessary information to the reader, without encroaching too much (Deimezi and Buhalis, 2003, np)

Song analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Song analysis - Essay Example The song in question, written and produced by a group known as â€Å"Aviation† and entitled â€Å"You were my Everything† will be the focus of this particular analysis. It is the hope of this author that the reader will gain a more informed understanding with relation to the ideas and core levels of understanding/emotions that the songwriter attempted to convey; rather than merely a cursory level of understanding with respect to the fact that a simple love song has been represented. In much the same way that a literary critique seeks to focus a level of discussion and analysis upon the mechanisms that the writer uses, the core themes that are leveraged, and the use of language as a means of promoting understanding; the following analysis will engage in much the same manner of consideration with regards to this particular song. Firstly, the song itself starts with a brief introit that is spoken rather than sung. Although this may not seem as an important aspect of analyzing the particular song, it serves a vital function as it helps to set the stage with respect to the information that will be presented, the tone, and the ultimate understanding that can be drawn from the contents of the song. Beginning by stating that the singer has lost something that is dear to him, the listener is instantly engage with the understanding that love loss and the hope of gaining at once again will come to be represented within the song itself. However, another element that is presented directly before the singing commences has to do with the frustration and inability of the singer/songwriter to express his emotions in any other way. Out of exasperation, the singer finally says â€Å"it’s just†¦I don’t even know – just listen†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . This level of hopelessness with regards to seeking to expl ain the position that the singer/songwriter understands only all too well but is probably quite difficult for anyone else to engage helps to foreshadow the angst and

Case Study Module 8 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Module 8 - Case Study Example This clinic has sites in Minnesota, Florida, Scottsdale, Arizona, Rochester and Jacksonville (Hawn, 2011). The mission of Mayo Clinic is â€Å"to provide utmost care to every patient each day through built-in research, education and practice.† Collectively, all three locations of Mayo Clinic work together to treat more than half a million patients each year; Mayo, therefore, is supporting the most comprehensive research department so that it can apply its philosophy of â€Å"bringing bench to bedside† and it has developed Mayo College of Medicine to teach and prepare professionals of future medical field (Smith & Gronseth, 2011). In service industry, customers are most important stakeholders and it is vital for companies to provide top quality services to them (Schweikhart, 2009). In case of healthcare industry, each customer needs to be given individual attention and every medical requirement needs to be fulfilled so that everyone is provided utmost care and all mandatory medical services. As an important member of health care industry, Mayo Clinic has made sure that it enhances its service level by trying to improve its entire quality management system (Dudas, 2011). It is important that workforce of Mayo Clinic is provided a conducive work environment along with competent skill development options so that each patient is provided excellent quality services which helps them in recovery at a fast pace and assist them in living a normal and healthy life (Ramlall, Welch, Walter & Tomlinson, 2009). The main problems and issues faced by Mayo Clinic are: 1. Mayo Clinic has high demand for its services but it has inadequate capacity to meet all demands of customers; more than thousands of patients are turned down because of inadequate space for accommodating them. Whenever any organization faces any problem, it is more likely to have an impact on all of

Political Correctness in the Media Essay Example for Free

Political Correctness in the Media Essay Political correctness in the media refers to the use of appropriate words and ideas to minimize racism in all its hideous manifestations, in addition to sexism and offences against identity groups of all sorts. In other words, it is a â€Å"concept that one has to shape their statements (if not their opinions) according to a certain political dogma (â€Å"Political Correctness,† 2008). † Hence, it is rude to say ‘nigger’ in an advertisement especially created for the African Americans even if a Caucasian Congressman uses the politically incorrect word in his home. However, during periods of history when certain races, identity groups or the weaker sex must be looked down upon – according to policies created by the government to raise a race, identity group or gender over another, in the minds of the people – it is not considered politically incorrect by the media to refer to those looked down upon as rascals, despite the fact that the notion of political correctness had originated during World War I (Lind, 2000). Given that political correctness must needs concern governmental policies at any given time, it is interesting to consider the fact that political correctness or incorrectness in the media has taken different forms according to governmental needs at different times. In the United States, racism in reporting against the African Americans seemed to have peaked during the 1950s. Perhaps the reason for the peak was that the whites and the blacks in America had shared a master-slave relationship in the past. The Civil Rights Movement had called for changing the status quo. The demand for equal rights for the blacks was met with resistance, however. This is the reason why an article published in The Birmingham Post-Herald in 1955 quotes a white sheriff thus: â€Å"†¦We haven’t mixed so far down here and we don’t intend to (â€Å"10 Jurors Picked as Till Trial Opens,† 1955). † The sheriff was, of course, describing the relations of the white race with the black race. The above mentioned news article was actually a report on a trial. All of the jury members selected for the trial were white men. Eight of the men were farmers and one of them was a laborer. There were â€Å"eight Negro reporters† present at the trial, but all of them were â€Å"segregated at a separate table (â€Å"10 Jurors Picked as Till Trial Opens†). † Considering that the theory of racism is based on the assumption that a race can be superior to another race for any number of reasons, the news report of the 1950s describes blatant racism. So, even though the blacks had worked as laborers for the whites in the past, for the reason that the blacks had served the whites as slaves, they could not be members of the jury even if one of the jury members was a white laborer. Contrary to the stance of the whites with respect to the blacks described in the above mentioned article, a news article published by The San Francisco News in 1942 describes the value of the Japanese Americans to the economy of the United States. The author of the article, â€Å"Jap Ban to Force Farm Adjustments,† states that the internment of the Japanese Americans would adversely affect the agricultural produce of California. The article refers to the Japanese Americans as â€Å"[f]ast and efficient workers (â€Å"Jap Ban to Force Farm Adjustments,† 1942). † Even though the work of the Japanese Americans on Californian farms had required â€Å"the most arduous form of ‘stoop labor,’† the article mentions that the white farmers would be able to handle it, but not as well as the Japanese American workers (â€Å"Jap Ban to Force Farm Adjustments†). Stoop labor is defined as â€Å"[b]ack-bending manual work (â€Å"Stoop Labor,† 2008). † If the news article published in 1942 had clearly stated that the white farmers will not be able to replace the Japanese Americans on the plantations because the latter were engaged in stoop labor which the white farmers simply would not engage in; it would have been obvious that the reporting is racist. However, this was not the case. Rather, the Japanese Americans are lauded for their efficiency in the news report, as some of them were capable of tending to forty to fifty gardens at a time (â€Å"Jap Ban to Force Farm Adjustments†). Even though the Japanese Americans had been interned during World War II, the whites did not seem to look down upon them or consider them inferior. On the other hand, the blacks were obviously considered inferior because they had served the whites as slaves. These differences of perceptions are made clear by the news reports. Even so, racism against the African Americans is considered a totally taboo subject in the media in the beginning of the twenty first century. The reason for the taboo, too, is obvious: the African have a history of fighting racism in the United States. The government of the United States no longer wants to harass them through its policies and the media. As a matter of fact, the taboo is accompanied by policies such as affirmative action, simply for the fact that racism against the Africans of the U. S. is met with ample resistance on the part of the Africans themselves, as well as their friends among the Caucasians of America. Seeing that the United States government would like the country to maintain a semblance of a civilized nation, racism against African Americans does not make sense any longer. The ‘Islamists’ are targeted nowadays. All the same, trends in racism reporting as described above reveal that this too would change one day, somehow. Political correctness or incorrectness in the media is undoubtedly related to political framing. As mentioned previously, it is the policymaker that decides what the media would eventually reveal to the public. Political communicators are skilled at framing the debates over controversial issues through an emphasis on policy goals that deserve the highest priority, according to themselves rather than the people they communicate with. Such rhetoric affects political attitudes by influencing the importance that individuals place on competing issues. Frames do not only affect opinions on the issues, but they also influence the judgments of the participants in the communication process with regards to the relative importance of competing values. Thus, political persuaders shape public opinion through the framing of their policy goals and choices (Nelson, 2004). Politicians attempt to control public perception through the use of words. Thus an encyclopedia has defined framing as â€Å"a process of selective control over the individual’s perception of media, public, or private communication, in particular the meanings attributed to words or phrases. Framing defines how an element of rhetoric is packaged so as to allow certain interpretations and rule out others (â€Å"Framing,† 2008). † Moreover, media frames may be created by the mass media as well as specific political and social movements or organizations. As shown through the several examples mentioned already, the media works alongside political and social movements to control the perceptions of the public at large through the communication theory of framing. Hence, in recent years the media was frequently heard discussing the ‘war on terror,’ seeing as the politicians had coined the phrase and used it regularly to advise the public about their policies concerning the issue. Another important example of framing in this context was the popularization of the term, ‘escalation,’ to describe an increase in troop levels in war torn Iraq. The term, ‘escalation’ implied that the United States was deliberately heightening the scope of the conflict in a manner that was provocative (â€Å"Framing†). Spielvogel (2005) points out that both George W. Bush and John Kerry, during the 2004 presidential campaign, had relied upon the moral framing of the ‘war on terrorism’ and the situation in Iraq as a battle between ‘good and evil’ in their day to day political discourse. Moreover, President Bush had employed this rhetorical frame â€Å"to politically and morally cloak the war in Iraq under a larger war on terror (Spielvogel). † Is war politically correct or incorrect? It depends on governmental policies at any given time. Now that the U. S. is going through an economic recession, perhaps war will become a taboo subject in the media and ‘nonviolence’ would reign. All the same, if the U. S. government continues to perceive all Muslims as the enemies of the United States – the media would continue referring to ‘Islamists’ the way it does at present. Even though stereotyping is by itself a taboo subject, advanced degrees in mass communication are not helping journalists and advertisers to be honest in their understanding of people and cultures. Given the responsibility to relay truthful information to the public; journalists, advertisers and all distributors of entertainment and news across different mediums such as television, newspapers, radio, Internet, etc. should have known that all people and cultures cannot be appreciated through stereotypes. Moreover, through mass usage of stereotypes, the media creates a mass culture, the representatives of which consider it abnormal to step outside the stereotypes. According to the Media Awareness Network: â€Å"The pressure put on women through ads, television, film and new media to be sexually attractive—and sexually active—is profound. The National Eating Disorders Association reports that one out of four TV commercials send some kind of ‘attractiveness message,’ telling viewers what is and is not attractive (â€Å"Media Stereotyping,† 2007). † Thus, the media happens to contribute to the mental illnesses suffered by an increasing number of people in our world. Although this form of stereotyping in the media may not have anything to do with political pressure, or political correctness and/or incorrectness, the fact that the media has stereotypes for women is accompanied by the truth that the U.  S. government has never been headed by a woman! The Media Awareness Network explains another reason for stereotyping before outlining other problems associated with stereotypes: Media stereotypes are inevitable, especially in the advertising, entertainment and news industries, which need as wide an audience as possible to quickly understand information. Stereotypes act like codes that give audiences a quick, common understanding of a person or group of people—usually relating to their class, ethnicity or race, gender, sexual orientation, ocial role or occupation. But stereotypes can be problematic. They can: reduce a wide range of differences in people to simplistic categorizations; transform assumptions about particular groups of people into â€Å"realities†; be used to justify the position of those in power; and perpetuate social prejudice and inequality (â€Å"Media Stereotyping†). Although the reason for stereotyping as described above is clear, the main reason for it continues to be understood as governmental policies. Of course, stereotyping is another form of political incorrectness in the media. Then again, there are those who opine that political correctness is a confusing notion, disallowing intelligent debates from changing our world for the better (â€Å"PC thinking ‘is harming society,’† 2006). In other words, by trying to be politically correct or incorrect, the media is veiling the face of reality. Even so, the media is considered an important educator of society as a whole. Furthermore, the media has the power to shape culture by introducing positive changes. It is a shame, therefore, that people must consider educating the media so as to do away with falsehoods that it imparts due to political pressure. Undoubtedly, political correctness and incorrectness must necessarily concern governmental policies at any given time. Whereas the government benefits by the strength of the media through its declaration of certain words or ideas as politically correct or incorrect at any given time – it is the public at large that suffers because it has been taught lies by the media. By perpetuating social prejudice, the media – through governmental notions of political correctness and incorrectness at any given time – may even shoulder responsibility for bloody wars around the world.

Processes can influence the learning of current content

Processes can influence the learning of current content Students prior experiences, interests, and thought processes can influence the learning of current content area concepts due to their prior experiences, stress, perceptions and attitudes that can interfere with or distort the material that they are trying to learn. However, learning cannot occur without having prior knowledge because this gives a foundation from which to build from. The link between past experiences, student interest, and present learning is that we draw upon previous experiences and memories as we learn. Teachers need to consider the past experiences as well as interests of students in order to make the lessons more appealing, accessible and interesting. The students past experiences can assist with building new knowledge on top of prior knowledge. Students will learn much faster and learn more if they have a foundation to build upon instead of introducing random bits of information. The sensory registers show us that there are two important educational features present. One, we have to pay attention to any of the information that we have before us so that it can be processed, retained and filed away for further use. The second feature is that it takes time to take the information that has been stored away and bring it to the front for use later. (Slavin, 2006) The Principle of Relevance is one that has been studied and debated about for many decades. Deirdre Wilson Dan Sperber are two individuals how are well known in this particular field where the Theory of Relevance is based on two principles, one being the Communicative Principle and the other being the Cognitive Principle of Relevance. Looking at the Principle of Relevance as the theory within education and students it can be seen how students learn, have learned and will learn as well as relate and recall that information in the future as needed. According to Wilson and Sperber, relevance is a potential property not only of utterances and other observable phenomena, but of thoughts, memories and conclusions of inferences. (Wilson Sperber, 2002) So it can be seen that with students, their past experiences, learning and life as well as interests and the ability to relate and store into memory along with recalling the information can determine how they learn all based on what foundati ons were put in place prior. Students interests are just one of the factors that are known to influence learning in content areas. The teacher needs to use a variety of methods or ways to keep the students interest in the lesson; otherwise they will exhibit a lack of attention or possibly disrupt the class for others. If students do not have any interest in learning what is being presented, then they will not achieve the maximum results in learning the content. There are key principles in brain based learning, these are Importance of meaningful learning, knowledge background, levels of processing development of neural connections, relevance, and activating prior knowledge otherwise known as the Schema Theory. (Slavin, 2006) Looking first at the Importance of meaningful learning it is said that it requires active involvement of the learner who has prior experiences and knowledge to bring understanding as new information is incorporated into memory. Slavin states that it is Mental processing of new information that relates to previously learned knowledge. (Slavin, 2006) Looking next at knowledge background it can be said that the more the person knows about a particular topic or lesson, the more they will be able to learn about. It is said that previous or background knowledge is very important in determining the amount the student will learn, they have a better network already in place in their brains in which the information can be processe d and stored. (Slavin, 2006) With levels of processing, or otherwise known as the Levels of Processing Theory which was proposed by Craik and Lockhart in 1972, suggests people subject stimuli to different levels of mental processing and retain only the information that has been subjected to the most thorough processing. (Craik;Lockhart, 1972) Meaning that the more details that people are subjected to, the more mental processing that must be done and the better the chances are that it will be remembered. This is why repetition of material is necessary for learning and for some, is one of the main processes they use to retain material for later use. It is said that learning starts at birth and continues on through life, this happens with the development of neural connections within the brain. Parents are the first teachers with the environment that they create and expose the child to. As the child grows, teachers are then brought in and the environment that is created within the classroom is added to the mix. All of these are factors that are supposed to help students increase their skill levels; this allows the brain to work more efficiently and effectively. With repetition, the process leads to an automatic response in which as tasks are introduced, it starts to take little effort mentally due to the growth of the neural connections which allows the student to recall information easier. (Slavin, 2006) So when looking into the lesson plans, simple repetition allows the brain to recognize and file away the needed information, and makes it easier over time to recall it for use. This is why providing students more opportunities to practice skills that are needed for the future is very important for it allows the student to gain more knowledge as well as more skills which makes the brain work more efficiently. The Schema Theory otherwise known as activating prior knowledge allows us to gain access to information that we have stored away in our long term memory by following set paths that have been created as stepping stones. (Slavin, 2006) This theory states that information is stored in the long term memory in the schemata, which is a network of connectors to facts and concepts, which provides the basic structure for making sense of all the new information. An example is the memory of riding your first two wheeled bicycle, its thought about, the steps that were taken and the steps flow together along the path to the final goal of riding that bicycle with no training wheels as well as no help from anyone. This memory is stored in the long term memory. Consideration of past experiences, learning, and student interests should be an important part of lesson planning for the teacher because learning is a process that occurs over a long period of time, under different circumstances, with different environments and methods of introduction as well as the interaction socially. Students all interpret instructions differently, while some may receive the correct interpretation, there are those that dont quite understand what is meant all the time. This can lead at times to different explanations though they may arrive at the right answer, the path taken is not the one preferred and identified prior. The learning experience needs to be the process in which it draws upon different interests, past experiences and prior knowledge to draw it all in as one agreeable process. By considering all of this, the student opens up to what is being presented more, filing it away in steps to be identified and recalled at a later time as its being repeated t hough possibly with different methods, as it all draws in to the same end result the light bulb at the end of that tunnel turns on when the information is called forward. Craik, F. . Lockhart, R.S., (1972). Levels of Processing: A framework for Memory Research. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior , 11, 671-684. Roshelle, J. (1995). Learning in Interactive Environments: Prior Knowledge and New Experience. Retrieved June 21, 2010, from Public Institutions for Personal Learning: Establishing a Research Agenda: http://www.exploratorium.edu/IFI/resources/museumeducation/priorknowledge.html Siemens, G. (2006, November 12). Connectivism: Learning Theory or Past Time of the Self-Amused. Retrieved June 20, 2010, from http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/connectivism_self-amused.htm Slavin, R. E. (2006). Educational Psychology: Theory and Practice. Boston: Pearson Education Inc. Wilson, L. (n.d.). Overview of Brain Based Learning . Retrieved June 10, 2010, from http://www.sonoma.edu/users/f/filp/libs_200/brain.pd

America Essay -- American History, Hollywood

â€Å"Homeland, the country that I love, forever reign supreme; And when time stands still, my homeland, may heaven hold your dream† (Spring-Rice). Gustav Holsts’ song â€Å"Homeland† is all about people who are patriotic towards their own country. America has been built upon a certain set of rules in which makes it unique from their countries. Americans have excessive pride in their country which shows greatly in their interactions with others. Americans also have other traits which reflect their culture. White America views itself in three ways: appearance, narcissism, and social status. â€Å"You want to fit in with these people? They’re not going to change. You have to† (Traister 675). America has views which are built on appearances. This is because of the media having an influence on what Americans view as â€Å"socially acceptable†. Hollywood sets a standard by using celebrities to show Americans what they should wear. Men are usually viewed as wearing simple but â€Å"masculine† clothing. Also these are said to, â€Å"Emphasize the size of upper body musculature, allow freedom of movement, and encourage an illusion of physical power and a look of easy physicality all suggest masculinity. Such appearance of strength and readiness to action serve to create or enhance an aura of aggressiveness and intimidation central to an appearance of masculinity† (Devor 571). On the other hand, women have more of a variety of clothing styles all of which reflect back to femininity. As Devor states in his article, â€Å"Feminine styles of dr ess likewise display subordinate status through greater restriction of the free movement of the body, greater exposure of the bare skin and an emphasis on sexual characteristics† (Devor 570). Along with clothes how a person presents hi... ...he rich) are viewed in America has having all of the wealth and the power, while the middle and lower classes are left in the shadow. â€Å"Hollywood makes sure its audiences leave the theater thinking you can’t be too rich† (Parenti 406). America’s culture is reflected through what is displayed in the media. Therefore a conclusion can be drawn that Americans’ base their stereotypes of social status off of what is viewed in the media. â€Å"My homeland, be my dream, my hope. Homeland† (Spring-Rice). Appearance, narcissism, and social status are three traits America uses to view itself. America has been built upon pride and patriotism ever since they won their freedom from England. Because of this, Americans take pride in their country. This is why Americans view themselves as â€Å"superior† to others. They love their country and would not want to change anything about it.

Religion and Relationships in Christina Rossetti’s Work Essay -- Gobli

Religion and Relationships in Christina Rossetti’s Work Our dreams are commonly known as the subconscious manifestations of our inner desires. Creative writing, like dreams, can represent an outlet, a method of pseudo-fulfillment for those unrealized wishes or fears. In the case of much fiction, especially poetry, these hidden triumphs are often so subtle that the reader may not recognize the achievement or the repressed emotion to which it relates. Christina Rossetti is known as one of the primary female figures of the Victorian Period. The majority of her poetry falls into one of two categories: religion and relationships. Many of her poems on relationships included a theme of death, yet often centered on the relationship between the dead or dying and their loved ones. She wrote a number of poems on love, as well, but these often bring forth a sense of loss, avoidance, fear, or disbelief. Based on some of these love poems and the fact that she was reportedly in love twice during her lifetime, it seems clear that Christina Rossetti was no stranger to the desires of humanity. We, as people, tend to have a natural urge to be seen on a very personal level, to be understood for that which makes us unique, and to be loved in spite of these things. Rossetti’s â€Å"religious poetry acknowledged these longings and formed an outlet for them. Many of her ‘poems explore what she saw as the great danger that the Victorian cult of love and marriage posed to the souls of woman’† (Touchà © 4). She held very strongly to her faith and is reported to have turned down two men whom she dearly loved because of religious differences that she could not overcome. â€Å"As a deeply religious woman she was afraid somebody ‘could co... ...J. and Vivienne J. Rundle, ed. The Broadview Anthology of Victorian Poetry and Poetic Theory. Orchard Park: Broadview Press,1999. Everett, Glenn. â€Å"The Life of Christina Rossetti.† Victorian Web. 26 Nov. 2004. 14 Dec. 2004. . â€Å"Maid.† Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary. 1976. Rossetti, Christina. â€Å"Promises Like Pie-Crust.† Net Poems. 2003. 13 Dec. 2004. . Touchà ©, Julia. â€Å"The Longing for Motherhood and the Concept of Infertility in the Poetry of Christina Rossetti.† Victorian Web. 26 Nov. 2004. 14 Dec. 2004. . â€Å"Virgin.† Def. 1a. Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary. 1976. Womble, Alison. â€Å"Sappho and Christina Rossetti II.† Victorian Web. 26 Nov. 2004. 14 Dec. 2004. .

History of Physics :: Science Scientific Physics Essays

History of Physics Physics began when man first started to study his surroundings. Early applications of physics include the invention of the wheel and of primitive weapons. The people who built Stone Henge had knowledge of physical mechanics in order to move the rocks and place them on top of each other. It was not until during the period of Greek culture that the first systematic treatment of physics started with the use of mechanics. Thales is often said to have been the first scientist, and the first Greek philosopher. He was an astronomer, merchant and mathematician, and after visiting Egypt he is said to have originated the science of deductive geometry. He also discovered theorems of elementary geometry and is said to have correctly predicted an eclipse of the sun. Many of his studies were in astronomy but he also observed static electricity. Phythogoras was a Greek philosopher. He discovered simple numerical ratios relating the musical tones of major consonances, to the length of the strings us ed in sounding them. The Pythagorean theorem was named after him, although this fundamental statements of deductive geometry was most likely first an idea from Egyptian methods of measurements. With the help of his followers he discovered that the earth was a sphere, but he did not believe it revolved around the sun. Democritus was the leader of a group called Atomists. Although they were unable to prove that matter was made up of small particles, they were the first to come up with the idea. Democritus believed that atoms differed in size, shape, and movement but were all made of the same substances. Aristotle was the most important scientific philosopher in Greece. He believed that all matter on earth consisted of four pure substances or elements, which were earth, air, fire, and water. He also believed that the earth was the centre of the universe, and that anything beyond the earth consisted of a fifth pure substance called quintessence. Archimedes was an inventor and mathematician, who discovered several basic scientific principles and developed a number of measuring techniques. Ptolemy was an Egyptian astronomer. He developed a model for predicting the positions of the sun, moon, stars, and planets. Like Aristotle, he believed that the earth was the center of the universe. Between 400 AD. a nd 1000 AD. Most educated people in Western Europe looked to religion rather than scientific investigation to answer their questions about the laws of nature.

History vs. Hollywood Essay

Glory: Hollywood vs. History Glory is a movie about the 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, one of the first official all black units in the United States during the Civil War. It’s an inspirational story of how a young Union soldier, Robert Gould Shaw, is offered the chance to lead an army unit that will change not only his life, but the lives of many other Americans. Glory does a great Job of capturing many of the feelings towards the black soldiers during the Civil War. The film is based off of the writings of Robert Gould Shaw, from letters he sent to his friends and family members. Most of the events in the movie re depicted very closely to how they actually happened. Director Edward Zwick tried to keep the movie as historically accurate as possible but, as many history movies do, Glory left out some important details. Shaws parents were both well-known abolitionist, and in Glory, so is he. Truthfully, Shaw didn’t share his parents’ passion for freeing the slaves. Shaw spent most of his youth studying and traveling in Europe. Eventually he attended Harvard, but ended up dropping out. Not long after leaving Harvard, the war began and Shaw found his purpose. He immediately Joined the army and headed to the fght. After nearly 3 years, Shaw reached the rank of Captain. This is when he received the opportunity to lead the 54th. In the film, Shaw is asked by Massachusetts Governor John A. Andrew to lead the 54th while at a dinner party, and after little hesitation, he gladly accepts. In reality, Shaw wasn’t Andrews first choice for the position, nor was Shaw ever at said dinner party. Shaw was actually approached by his father at a Union camp. At first Shaw declined, then after a few days of thought and pressure from his mother, he reluctantly accepted. In the movie, Shaw is promoted to Colonel immediately after accepting the position, but military ecords show he was a major for several months until the regiment grew in numbers. In Glory, Shaw asks his best friend, Cabot Forbes, to be his Major. In reality, Forbes doesn’t actually exist, or never did. The writers of Glory combined two of the recipients of Shaws letters’ names together and created the character of Cabot Forbes. In fact, of the main characters in Glory, Shaw is the only one who was a real person. Silas Trip, John Rawlins, and the rest of Glorys stars are all composite characters. On that note, the movie gives the idea that most of the members of the 4th were runaway slaves, while nearly all of the members were actually free blacks from the North. Frederick Douglass makes in appearance in the movie, but his two sons, who were actually members of the 54th, do not. Going back to Shaws feelings about the 54th, Shaw was, at first, dubious. After working with the men and realizing that they could fght Just as well as white soldiers, he grew to respect them. Shaw became eager to get his men into action, so he could prove what they were capable of. Shaw later learns that the black soldiers were to be paid less than the white ones. In the movie, Shaw announces this to the regiment, and Private Silas Trip, a former slave who escaped his masters, begins protesting and gets all of the men to tear up their paychecks and boycott. Shaw then says â€Å"If you men will take no pay, then none of us will. â€Å", and tears up his check as well. In reality, Shaw was the one who led the boycott, refusing all wages until the problem was fixed. In the movie, Shaw spends a lot ot time tgnting to get unitorms and shoes tor his soldiers. The unitorms eventually arrive, but the shoes do not. Shaw has to go to one of his superiors and argue for the shoes. There is a moment where the colored men escort Shaw to the door and stand watch in a comical way. This scene shows that Shaw has truly developed a bond with his men, but is really for the audience’s pleasure. Nothing is written of this dispute, though there is no doubt was an actual problem. Shaw married Annie Kneeland Haggerty, Just days before the 54th is sent to the South for service, which is never mentioned in the film. There is another scene in the movie that is clearly for the audience, but it does have some truth behind it. When the 54th is marching south, they run into a regiment of white soldiers, and a quarrel breaks ut between Private Trip and some of the white men. Rawlins steps in to stop the fght and one of the white men is about to be disciplined, but Rawlins says that there is no need. This scene is displays the harsh criticism the 5th received, even from their own side, but it also gives a halo effect to Rawlins, who could have easily said nothing, and watched the soldier get punished. Later on down the road the 54th meets up with Colonel James Montgomery, the colonel of another all black regiment. In the movie Montgomery was a racist and didn’t discipline his men at all. While the eal Montgomery was noted to have discipline issues, the movie probably took it way out of hand, Montgomery even shoots one of his men for misbehaving. Montgomery later takes the 54th â€Å"to see some action†, which actually meant looting and setting fire to a town of innocents. In the movie, Montgomery threatens Shaw to set fire to the town by saying he’ll take command of the 54th if he doesn’t follow orders, so Shaw reluctantly orders the town to be burned. Shaw writes of this event in his letters, stating â€Å"the civilian population of women and children were fired upon, forced from their homes, their possessions looted, and the town burned. Shaw also noted, â€Å"On the way up, Montgomery threw several shells among the plantation buildings, in what seemed to me a very brutal way; for he didn’t know how many women and children there might be. † Shaw even states he was ordered to set fire to the town but he refused. There is no mention of Montgomery threatening him, but he stated â€Å"The reasons he gave me for destroying Darien were, that the Southerners must be made to feel that this was a real war, and that they were to be swept away by the hand of God, like the Jews of old. In theory it may seem all right to some, but when it comes to eing made the instrument of the Lord’s vengeance, I myself don’t like it. Then he says, â€Å"We are outlawed, and therefore not bound by the rules of regular warfare†; but that makes it nonetheless revolting to wreak our vengeance on the innocent and defenseless. Soon after the ordeal with Montgomery, the 54th gets some real action, their first battle. They defeat the attacking rebels, suffering minor casualties. Only two days after the skirmish, the 54th was chosen to lead an assault on Fort Wagner. In the movie, Shaw heroically volunteers, even though he knows that leading this ssault will cause great casualties to his regiment. Before the battle Shaw says â€Å"If this man should fall, who will lift the flag and carry on? â€Å", and Thomas says he’ll do it. However, this wasn’t actually how it happened. General George Crockett Strong was the one who asked the question, and Shaw was the one who replied. During the assault in the movie, the water is to the left of the men, but really the 54th attacked with the water on their right. In the movie, the original flag bearer is killed, as you would expect, and Shaw gets it He then stand up and snouts † Forward Fi and is shot in the chest multiple times. According to the survivors, these were Shaws actual last words, and he hollered them shortly before being shot through the heart. After all of the carnage there is a scene where the Confederate soldiers drag Shaws body into a mass grave full of men from the 54th. This actually happens, though there is a little more to it. Confederate General Johnson Hagood told the Union he would not return Shaws body because he was leading colored men. This was intended to be an insult, but the Shaws didn’t take it that way. Shaws father even said â€Å"We would not have his body removed from where it lies surrounded by his rave and devoted soldiers†¦. We can imagine no holier place than that in which he lies, among his brave and devoted followers, nor wish for him better company – what a body-guard he has! † Overall, Glory is a very good historical film. The writers didn’t change too many facts or change the character of the actual people too much. Even though most of the main characters are fictional, the story was still almost completely factual. Glory has a great cast and a good plot. The story of the 54th Massachusetts is interesting and inspirational, and Glory is a must-watch movie for all ages.

Packer Telecom Essay

This case talked about risk management. As a telecom company with high-speed development, Packer Telecom decided to use risk management to protect and promote itself. It wanted to not only enlarge market share but also reduced budget at the same time. The project manager developed a risk management template based on the risk management plans other companies used in the past. He tried to persuade the sponsor that the template would work well at Packer Telecom, but the sponsor had not totally agreed about this. For me, the telecom industry was in a state of turmoil and rapid advance. On this occasion, seeking to change by using risk management would be a great way for Packer to take the lead. Risk management would be a good part to improve efficiency and reduce cost. They could get better control over the future, if they did risk management right. The project manager did not do it right. To identify, assess, response, and control the risks, the risk management plan should change with the situation of company and time. I highly doubt that if there are best practices or template for the risk management. To make a good risk management, knowing what the company will face is the first thing to do. The project manager built the template only because other companies were using or used it. He gave so much credence to his work that he did not considered about the real situation of his company. After all, even though his template would work, using it for all the projects at once was still not a good idea. It might or might not fix all the projects, and they should not put all their eggs in one basket. I thought the sponsor knew risk management and project management better than the manager. He asked some serious questions and did not agree with the manager from beginning to end. I hoped he could make the right decision and found a better project manager later. What they should do now is making a risk management group, might be a new department. They could count on one project manager to do all the risk management work. That template might help them to finish the job, it should be changed based on each project or case. The risk management should be used at the new projects at first. It would help to cut down some high risk projects or cases. At the same time, the employees in the Packer should be trained to understand the risk management. This is the right way to make it become a company culture.

Captivity of Mary Rowlandson and the Relation

Both of these writers encounter and more importantly, live amongst the Native people of the Americas as captives at one point of their lives. However, each experience different situations and go about representing those situations in their writing in two completely dissimilar narratives. Each of them enter into captivity with distinctive roles-?Rowland as a Puritanical mother and Caber De Vacate as a Spanish Imperial explorer. Railroading's overall tone in her narrative can be described as edifying in the sense that A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs..Mary Rowland can be used as a example for readers, especially in her overall belief in God. She says, m{et the Lord still showed mercy to me, and upheld me; and as He wounded me with one hand, so he healed me with another (Bam and Levine 261). † Rowland demonstrates the recurring theme of the centrality of God and HIS will In this one sentence which could possibly be used to correspond to the entirety of her capti vity. Notice her use of a dichotomy in the sentence. She is â€Å"wounded. † But then, she is â€Å"healed. † With what?With God's Hand. This exhibits Railroading's belief that God Lana everything: good and bad. It can also be concluded that Railroading's narrative shows the more generalized view of the Puritan beliefs. Also, note Railroading's tone in this passage of the narrative that can be associated to the good and bad that God plans. ‘Wounded† carries a more despaired tone while â€Å"healed† holds a more hopeful tone-?the hope In God that He will carry her out of her despair. Rowland continuously revisits the idea of God's centrality in her whole narrative.She says: I have thought since of the wonderful goodness of God to me in reserving me in the use of my reason and senses in that distressed time, that I did not wicked and violent means to end my own miserable life†¦ When I came I asked them what they had done with It; then they told me It was upon the hill. Then they went and showed me where It was, where I saw the ground was newly digger, and there they told me they had buried it. There I left that child in the wilderness, and must commit it, and myself also in this wilderness condition, to Him who is above all.God having taken away this dear child†¦ (Nina and Levine 261-262). As a Christian and other, this must have affected Rowland severely. The thought of her dead baby being buried by soulless savages without any proper Christian funeral rites probably outraged her, but nonetheless, she refuses to end her â€Å"miserable life† and quickly punishment from God, but also notes that through and after captivity, God saved her. Alva Ounce Caber De Visa's account of his captivity with the Karakas Indians and several other Indian tribes also has this presence of God that is explicit in Railroading's narrative.The Relation constantly addresses â€Å"God our Lord. † He says in is dedication, â€Å"A lthough everyone wants what advantage may be gained from ambition and action, we see everywhere great inequalities of fortune, brought about not by conduct but by accident, and not through anybody fault but as the will of God (Bam and Levin 44). † It is important to make a note of the fact that Caber De Vacate was an imperial explorer for Spain under Painful De Narrate.The reason for his expedition in America was to claim the Florida territory for Spain, but the expedition failed greatly and led to the captivity of Caber De Vacate and three other men. Like Rowland, Caber De Vacate returns to civilization. Although he does not refer to his captivity as punishment from God, he does mention his incarceration as nobody's â€Å"fault but as the will of God. † It can be implied that Caber De Vacate says this to escape any actual punishment he may receive from the Spanish crown. After all, the expedition was funded with the expectation of profit I. . Gold and silver. He mentio ns at the end of the dedication, â€Å"l beg that it may be received as homage, since it is the most once could bring who returned thence naked (Bam and Levine 45). † The underlying tone in this sentence is desperation-?desperation in that sense that the king accept his narrative and desperation, and even perhaps hope, that God will deliver him from any forthcoming punishment made from the king. Caber De Vacate â€Å"begs† that his account can be viewed as a gift while claiming the role of â€Å"God's will† in his captivity.Thus, he implies that his nakedness in both appearance and profit be seen as something God himself determined. Caber De Vacate says, â€Å"Eating the dogs seemed to give us strength enough to go forward; so commending ourselves to the audience of God our Lord, we took leave of our hosts, who pointed out the way to other nearby who spoke their language (Bam and Levine 48). † Like Rowland who put her faith in God, Caber De Vacate, along with the other survivors, commends himself to God's guidance. However, he actually comes to respect the Indians as he resides with them which is expressed near the end of The Relation.He shares: To the last I could not convince the Indians that we were of the same people as the Christian Slavers†¦ We ordered them to fear no more†¦ After we had dismissed the Indians in ace and thanked them for their toil in our behalf†¦ [The Christians] took us through the forests and wastes so we would not communicate with the natives and would neither see nor learn of their crafty scheme afoot. Thus we often misjudge the motives of men; we thought we had effected the Indian's liberty, when the Christians were but poising to pounce (Bam and Levine 51).Notice how Caber De Vacate refers to the Spanish as â€Å"the Christians. † He does not include himself in the passage as one of the Christians probably because he has been able to tolerate and come to respect he native people. He does try to persuade the Indians that he is of the same race simply for their safety. He says: Lazar bade his interpreter tell the Indians that we were members of his race who had been long lost†¦ The Indians paid no attention to this. Conferring to themselves, they replied that the Christian's had lied: †¦ E healed and lanced; we coveted nothing but gave whatever we were given, while they robbed whomever they found and bestowed nothing on anyone (Bam and Nina 50) This differs from Rowland who regularly refers to the Native Americans as savages. In Caber De Visa's text, it is these â€Å"Christians† who appear to be the savages. The tone in this passage is almost regretful. Caber De Visa's use of dichotomies in this passage iterates the sadness on the idea that these supposed holy men ravage on helpless, innocent Indians according to God's will.This is exactly the opposite in Railroading's text where she views the native people as nothing short of barbaric like in the instance where her baby is improperly buried according to Christian guidelines. However, there are instances where Rowland comes to note the molarities between the Englishmen and the Indians. She also comes to somewhat embrace the savagery of the Indians when she eats bear's meat and finds it â€Å"savory' and â€Å"pleasant† rather than repulsive as Caber De Vacate does when he eats dog meat and prances around naked.

Psychology experiments Essay

When conducting psychology research, there are several important standards that must be observed in order to protect study participants. Ethics are a set of moral principles used to guide human behaviour. When these guidelines are breached, they become ethical issues. Nowadays the British Psychology Society (BPS) uses a set of ethical guidelines for all psychology experiments to be bound to.  Most ethical problems in human research stem from the participant being typically in as much less powerful position then the experimenter. It follows that steps need to be taken to ensure that the participant is not placed in a powerless and vulnerable position. All participants must have the basic right in experiments to stop their involvement at any given point. Furthermore, they do not have to feel obliged to explain the basis on which they have decided to withdraw if they choose not to, and they may also insist the data they provided during the experiment should be destroyed. Informed consent is also another safeguard taken by psychologists to indicate a formal agreement between the experimenter and study participant.  However the experimental design, eg. field experiment, may not always enable this as it could potentially seriously affect the validity of the results. Yet a precaution used is to debrief participants on the true aim of the study after if has been conducted, in order to justify deception and then to obtain informed consent off the participants once valid results have been produced. A cost-benefit analysis helps weigh up the cost experienced by the participants as a consequence of their involvement in the study, to the social benefit of the results on society. This helps justify many experiments as the outcome of some studies could be of huge beneficial value to society and the cost of participants seems insignificant to the influence it has made outside the study. Despite many ethical guidelines, previous psychological experiments have breeched these, therefore leading to significant ethical issues. In order to compensate for these downfalls, the experimenters can justify them or use techniques after the experiment is over to restore their ethical values. Milgram’s (1974) research on obedience to authority was carried out in the days before most ethical guidelines were in place, however is still regarded unethical. The experiment involved asking participants to administer very strong electric shocks to another participant (although was in fact an experimenter who was involved in the study). The participants were deceived about key aspects of the study, such as the fact that the other person didn’t actually receive any of the shocks the true participant was administering. However you must consider the affect having the participants know about the false shocks would have on the study. The results would be totally invalid as they would not then be measuring the obedience to the participants. They were also deceived in that they believed they were participating in a memory learning experiment, yet really were involved in obedience to authority experiment. This was again necessary to obtain valid results. However this point also raises issues on informed consent, as p’s only gave consent to the fake experiment, not the true one. This was justified by the experimenters by giving all participants a full debrief of the true nature of the experiment after it had been conducted. During this debriefing the p’s were asked for informed consent to the true experiment instead, therefore making up for the lack of informed consent to start. One of the main ethical concerns which arose form this study was the high level of psychological harm caused to the p’s as a direct result of the experiment. Visible signs of distress, nervous behaviour, sweating, uncomfortable laughter, trembling and even seizers were recorded form the participants during the study. This strongly suggests to us that the participants were very effected by their participation in the experiment. Additionally after the experiment they may have been left feeling ashamed, lower self esteem and degrading thoughts of themselves for have acted like they did. However again the debrief at the end reassured that they had not actually harmed anyone and that the electric shocks were false. They were also told that their behaviour was normal and that many others had acted in similar ways. All p’s later received a detailed report on the study to illustrate the significance of their involvement in the study. Over 80% of the p’s said they were glad to have taken part and only 1% expressed negative feelings. Overall despite the cost to the participants, the results produced from this experiment have been invaluable in extending knowledge on obedience. Still years after this experiment was conducted, the study holds massive insight into obedience and remains one of the most influential psychology studies in this area. Thus justified by the cost- benefit analysis.

Wildlife Management and Animal Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Wildlife Management and Animal Rights - Essay Example They refer to such usage as exploitation. Such information is misleading and not worth following. Animals are there for easing human efforts and utilization daily life. It would, therefore, trigger some king of primitive report to commence comparing animals at the level of human beings. Even the domestic animals are on the inclusion in the table. They are critical in the provision of basic human wants such as milk and meat, hence improving the global economic aspects. A third of the global population has dependence on the animals for their live food and survival. It would be understatement to call upon the government wildlife department to call it official that all the domestic animals ought to be treated as human beings (Wywialowski, 1991). Animal’s rights and welfare should only rotate around ensuring that the animal has good shelter, enough food, and is not overworked. In essence, these are the triad consisting of the best animal care and welfare. Any other form is a gross obsession, and the wildlife managers ought to put that in consideration to avoid immense conflicts that occur between them and the animal rights activists. Wywialowski, A. P. (1991). Implications of the Animal Rights Movement for Wildlife Damage Management. Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings, paper 7. Retrieved from DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln

Tombstone Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tombstone - Movie Review Example This is seen as people are gunned down, death, and shot at open range. The film is cast in the form of a story. The film mainly focus on Wyatt Earp and the events that took place after the (Movie Guide, n.d.). This took place at the O.K. Corall in Arizona on October 26, 1881 (Movie Guide, n.d.). The film is characterized by a mediocre plot, bloody violence, and uneven cinematography. Analysis of the movie ‘Tombstone’ is of the essence in understanding plot, setting, directors, and cinematography. The analysis of the movie helps in gaining understanding of various aspects. The film is directed by George Cosmatos. The movie was cast in Hollywood and Cinergi pictures. Moreover, the movie is comprised of various characters. However, there are main characters that contribute to the plot of the story significantly. They include Kurt Russel, Van Kilmer, Michael Biehn, Powers Boothe, Dana Delany, Sam Elliot, Stephen Lang, Joanna Pacula, Bill Paxton, Bill Paxton, Jason Priestly, Michael Rooker, John Tenney, Doc Holliday, and Billy Zane (Movie Guide, n.d). In addition, the movie was made in 1993. This movie runs for 130 minutes. The movie is rated 7.7 out of ten points. The movie has an extensive plot. The movie begins with the retirement of Wyatt Earp (Kurt Russell) from law enforcement agency. Therefore, he engages in a journey and is accompanied by his brothers Virgil (Sam Elliot) and Morgan Bill Paxton (Holden, 2013).

Managing Organisation Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Managing Organisation Change - Essay Example In an organization equipped for complete learning, communication and structures within the company should be flexible and open - and in a way, Sanyo with Nonaka, could be said to be equipped in these aspects. The process for innovation through the changes that had been introduced, at least was steered towards a cyclical process where learning is continuous as opposed to being linear and discontinuous. 2. How did Nonaka try to revolutionize learning and change and how did this relate to incomplete learning Identify the levels of learning if any. Which typology/s of learning best describes the events in Sanyo While Nonaka introduced process and systems-related innovation to Sanyo, the changes that she tried to accomplish was only done on a horizontal plane, and did not account the vertical integration of the new vision for the company. The levels of learning were limited to environmental and behavioral directions or cues for the company. However, the leaning was in a way incomplete because the changes did not seep down to the very purpose of the company, that is specifically charting the unique role of Sanyo which has to do with the identity or mission of the company. A company needs to be rooted to its values and belief systems that it has developed over time - for example Sanyo is proud of its heritage as a maker of refrigerators and batteries as well being known in its markets for this. The learning was incomplete also by which Nonaka's team failed sufficiently to take into account the capabilities of the company or the question of how its core competencies will be aligned with the e nvironmental cues for change. Thus, some stakeholders did not fall into line in supporting Nonaka's vision for Sanyo. The typology of learning that fits within the case of Sanyo may that of the model of organizational change, by which changes are done in the structural level, but not with the culture and the strategy of the company. Learning through organizational change is quite focused through changing from without, and not from within which takes intro consideration the cultural aspects and belief system of an organization. This kind of learning by organizational change, as opposed to deeper levels of learning that comes with organizational development or transformation. 3.What has this case got to do with exploration and exploitation Explain. The case of Sanyo with Nonaka at the helm when she tried to make changes can be called to have made too much of a call for exploration and failing at decisive exploitation. Nonaka was on the right frame of mind when she took into consideration at the way the world has increasingly looked at environmentally conscious products and businesses as the wave of the future, not only because of the projected demise of oil-based fuel systems but because a value-based respect for the environment has been gaining ground with consumers. By aligning Sanyo with the new paradigm, potentially Sanyo was at the leading edge in terms of technology and with its new products. However, exploration needs to be balanced with exploitation or that which has to do with what the company's ability to improve and refine

Architectural Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Architectural Theory - Essay Example The plan of a design must be based on the understanding of the context for which the building will be utilised. This statement was made by Claude-Nicolas in 1790, living in New York. This was in response to the debate between heroic architecture and heroic architects. The design and plan of cities remains reflection of the societies which established these architectural environments. This statement was made by Mumford in 1961, living in London. It was in response to the observation of medieval buildings which have remained symbolic in modern times. The internal arrangement for any architectural structure depends heavily on the architecture method for determining the interior. This statement was made by Ching and Eckler 2012, living in New York. It was in response to the significance of developing a plan before determining the use of a building. The development of structures should be focused on presenting the aesthetics depicting the society. This statement was made by Howard 1898, living in Hertfordshire, England. It was in response to positive qualities of economic and social elements in the plan for a building. There is a significant effect of the environment upon the architectural plans made. This statement was made by Geddes in 1879, living in London. This was in response to the influence of Frederic le play on regional planning

Young Entrepreneurs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Young Entrepreneurs - Assignment Example His latest project in the solar-powered (LED) lantern has been described by many as the greatest innovation in recent time to cushion those who cannot afford the electricity. This project also aimed at providing light to school going children from poor families who could not stand the smoke of the local kerosene lamp The idea of developing the solar-powered lantern was originally presented by Wadongo at a local congress of young innovative youth’s forum in Kenya and was picked as a promising one with the potential to solve the problem in their communities. Wadongo did a lot of his research on the design and the sizes that most suited the targeted population. Through his various attempt to design the sustainable product that would not only last for long, but also provide a cleaner source of energy, he came up with something that has been appreciated worldwide. His bright idea that only started in a small village in Kenya has been recognized worldwide in various forums. According to the locals, Wadongo’s project is one that has helped more children go back to their schools and the impact being felt almost immediately. The performances have increased in most schools that have adopted the use of the solar-powered lantern. According to Wadongo, his project has not reached its peak yet w ith several additions intended to be made. He wants to extend the scheme to cover more areas in the country, and the same time sells his solar tapped power to major towns. He said that â€Å"this approach will work best for him due to the frequent power blackouts experienced in those towns’’. His idea was driven by the fact that 90% of the country’s power is generated from hydropower stations and the need for other reliable means of power generation was needed. According to Wadongo, the current power rates in the country are very high, and the consumers will welcome any form of cushioning. With the rates currently at Ksh 75 per Kw unit, he intends

Discussion post Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Discussion post - Essay Example Common symptoms of acute bronchitis include; persistent cough which lasts for about 10 to 20 days which creates clear mucus. While for pneumonia includes; high fever, chest pains, and shortness of breath. The acute bronchitis affects the lower respiratory tract while pneumonia affects the upper respiratory tract (US Department of Health & Human Services, 2011). I agree with Christopher Johnson on the need for the patient to find someone to guide her through some positive lifestyle changes. The signs and symptoms by the patient indicate she is suffering from chronic bronchitis. The recommendations made after diagnosis will help the patient to get well soon and manage the sickness. I also agree the patient needs to be given lessons on antibiotics intake. The patient needs to be encouraged to take the flu and pneumonia vaccines (Cunha, 2014). I agree with Peng Anderson from the patient’s symptoms she has emphysema which is manifested by her history of tobacco use and physical examination (WebMD, 2014). The patient needs to know the severity of the condition and make changes. She needs to control her tobacco use in order to slow the progression of emphysema. I also agree a social worker would be of great help to the patient in locating and utilizing community

The Business Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Business Report - Essay Example The selection of simple accounting software may yield losses because of high chances of misplacing information. Besides, some of these strategies have limited capacities to enable smooth integration of all facets of business, as well as the centralization of the data sources. Therefore, a start-up IT company will begin with Excel software because it is the cheapest. However, with increasing demands, growing customer base and the complexity of financial, sales, logistics, and other operations, such companies will be forced to seek alternative packages that match with the robustness of the work. Therefore, the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) would be the most appropriate solution. However, ERP services are provided by different vendors, the most genuine and global leader being SAP. Packages from SAP exist in four categories, which depend on the size of the company and the cost available for investment. SAP packages are most robust approach because they synchronize and integrates dat a from the customers with the data from the sales of product and other related items. For this reason, the system makes it possible to store huge data and connect the various items and access them when needed or update the information when needed as opposed to excel. Selection of appropriate SAP package is necessary for the IT firm along its growth process. It minimizes the cost of operation and increase the output because of the efficient coordination of the business and the ability to run multiple items simultaneously. The startup companies lack enough resources to invest in purchasing and implementing the ERP packages. Such companies would need to use the cheapest available packages like Excel. The spreadsheet is the most appropriate package for recording and storing information on purchasing, sales, storage, customer information, and finances. The package

Evaluaring Strategies Essay Example for Free

Evaluaring Strategies Essay The final results of any corporation can be measured in financial terms (profit, revenue growth, etc.) The authors of the HBR article on the use of a balanced scorecard recommend that the scorecard be used supplement these traditional financial metrics with performance measurement criteria relating to the perspectives of customers, internal business processes and learning and growth (Kaplan Norton, 1996). Since it is not possible to execute what you cannot measure, the balanced scorecard is a strategic management system that helps to measure and focus a companys strategy. The scorecard was devised to complement financial measures. It enables companies to track financial results while, at the same time, monitor progress of the mechanisms that are needed future growth. The problem with traditional management systems is that there are not able to link a companys long-term strategy with its short-term actions. So while financial measures are essential on the short-term, with the scorecard approach, they do not become the sole indicators of a company’s progress.   The scorecard introduces four new management processes that provide an avenue for the linkage between long-term strategic objectives and short-term actions. These are: Translating the vision Communicating and linking Business planning and Feedback and learning Translating the vision This process helps managers translate the organizations vision statements and strategy statements into an integrated set of objectives and measures that illustrate what drives long-term success. This process is necessary because some of the generalized statements of purpose (like â€Å"best in class†, â€Å"empowered organization†) defined by top management may not mean much in an operational sense to those tactical managers and operatives who need to carry out the mission in their day-to-day activities. Communicating and linking This process allows managers communicate their strategy upwards (to their superiors) and downwards (to their reports/subordinates) link this strategy to departmental and individual objectives. Since departments are typically evaluated by their financial performance, and individual incentives are tied to short-term financial goals, this process ensures that all levels of the organization understand the long-term strategy and aligns both departmental and individual objectives with it. Business planning Business planning is that process which ensures that business and financial plans of the organization are integrated. The prevalent occurrence of change programs in today’s organization makes it difficult for managers to integrate these initiatives with the strategic goal. However, when the scorecard approach is applied towards allocating resources and setting priorities for meeting the change initiatives, such programs can be coordinated in such a way that they line up with the overall strategic goal. Feedback and learning The authors postulate that this process gives companies the capacity for strategic learning. The scorecard enables companies to modify strategies to reflect real-time learning by evaluating strategy in the light of recent performance. By translating the vision, executives can come to such consensus as to what services and products will best stimulate growth or what customer segments to place emphasis on. The specifics of this translation will help the employees realize the vision. Applying the process of communicating and linking may result in managers understanding how business re-engineering initiatives may lead to fulfilling the goal of on-time delivery to clients. Business planning processes can include the integration of the results of budget sessions with those of strategic planning sessions and ensuring that the budget supports the strategy. Feedback and learning processes give the organization the ability to produce Chris Argyll’s concept of â€Å"double-loop learning†.   The concept suggests that cause-and-effect relationships can be identified when linkages are measured based on results from in the first 3 processes (Translating the vision, Communicating and linking, Business planning). Such relationships could result in findings such as that there are correlations between employees morale and customer satisfaction. In summary, it is important to control the short-term measures of financial performance of a company as well as longer-term parameters as learning and growth, internal business processes, and customer satisfaction for proper alignment between the overall strategy of the organization with its subsequent realization. Where such introspection is actively pursued by the organization and it results in projects like business re-engineering, marketing strategies and increased customer satisfaction, all in alignment with the organizational strategy, the end-result will cause a synergy that leads to improved financial results. REFERENCE Kaplan, R. S., Norton, D. P., (1996). Using the Balanced Scorecard as a Strategic Management System. Harvard Business Review, 74(1).

Aqualisa Quartz Case Essay Example for Free

Aqualisa Quartz Case Essay Aqualisa Quartz In the targeting market, we tend to target plumbers and end users (Middle to high income) because most of the end users are suggested by the plumbers. The others might buy from showrooms. Therefore, we have to target them as well Positioning Statement To middle-high income customers, Aqualisa Quartz is a high premium shower brand which come under mixer shower category that offers quality and latest innovation because Aqualisa Quartz has benefits in water pressure, ease of installation, use and design. HOW 12775 comes ? This number is come from the fact that case study states that unit sold of Quartz is between 30-40 units per day. So we take the mean which is 35 units and times 365 days. Therefore, the unit sold per year is 12775. Problems: The problem for Aqualizer is that Plumbers are lack of knowledge and innovation of Aqualisa Quartz. Moreover, most customer decisions rely on plumbers. Second issue is the bad experience of electronic shower that customers and plumbers had. The last main issue is that brand perception towards Aqualisa Quartz from Customer is very low because customers do not perceive the value of Aqualisa Quartz and the group of only high income customers (Current target) is quite too small. Solutions: 4Ps * Product * Price * Place However, the product, price and place will remain the same, because Aqualisa quartz is a new product and latest innovative shower so the functions and features are the most improvement at the time (Temperature control, ease of installation, design, water pressure and usage). Another reason that we maintain the price to where it is, Aqualisa Quartz is a premium brand so the price should be high to remain brand image. Moreover, the company invested a lot for RD and wanted to gain profit margin to break-even. And for the places, normally plumbers will buy from trade shop, and end users will buy at showrooms. Therefore, the existing channel is already effective and efficient. From the case (Exhibit 6), trade shops and showrooms can generate 470,000 units per year. This shows that the two places are powerful to sell the products of Aqualisa. Promotion Our first strategy is to go after independent plumbers by providing product orientation events by calling plumber to attend the training and give 150 pounds as the compensation. This will satisfy and make the plumber attend because they do not lose the income when they attend our training. The orientation will be held every 3 months changing by geography. We will gain Plumber information from Database from APHC – Association of Plumbing Heating. The capacity for one meeting will be 100 seats per group. The  reasons we make 100 seats is because we believe that the larger the sample the higher chance of product achieving success. Another stategy is to create trustworthy of Aqualisa Quartz from existing users to new customers. Opinion leaders will convince the new customers and also build the confidence in the existing users that the electronic shower (Aqualisa Quartz) will last long and not have any problems like the early electronic showers by guarantee the satisfaction by r eferring the comment from opinion leaders (from showrooms). The third strategy is the use of award will help communicate value of Aqualisa Quartz and build the customer relationship with the brand. By doing this, the company could expand the new target group from only high to high-middle income. This would segmented by the income per year. If we could make the middle income group believes that it is worth for them to spend on our product, sales per unit would dramatically increase since this group is even larger than the high income and higher value perceived as well. Aqualisa Quartz already has the advertisement about the products so all they should do is to specify the beneficial points of the product, and also present the prize of Aqualisa Quartz to inform the target who has the middle income as well as those who has high income. Goal defense Quartz is a representative of the premium product under the brand Aqualisa, and the units sold are lower than the expectation of the Rawlinson (30-40 instead of 100-200 units per day). If we can sell more, it will generate overall sales a lot and potentially increase the market share. Problem defense According to the case, plumbers would like to go for the familiar products which they have much experience. If there is any problem after installation, plumbers are responsible for the fixing costs. Therefore, they avoid trying new product they are not familiar with. Moreover, the percentage of plumbers influencing customers’ decision is more than 50% which is resulted in they do not recommend Quartz to the customers. Another reason is that in year 1980, there were some manufacturers who introduced electronic showers, and the products were not successful because of the poor design and the failure of the usage. After that, it created  skepticism toward anything that is electronic. That makes both customers and plumbers refuse Quartz. The third reason is that Aqualisa Quartz answers all the features that the perfect showers should have in terms of water pressure, stable temperature, design, ease of installation and innovation. Even though the price is quite high the middle income can afford Aqualisa Quartz as well seen from the income information (15,000-30,000 pounds per year). For the problem of value perception, the evidence was in the year 2001. Quartz was awarded in the Bathroom Expo as a top prize since the very beginning of the Quartz but people did not know this information. Therefore, the sales of Aqualisa Quartz are not up to the expected units. Solution defense: The Conducting of orientation meeting will cultivate the perception inside the plumbers’ mind. The content of the meeting will be about the ease of the installation, and to show the convenience of the electronic functions of Quartz. In fact, Quartz’s installation duration is  ¼ of the other competitive products. It is the benefit that the plumbers can do more than one job in a day. It can certainly ensure the increase in sale. To demonstrate, we will definitely gain 12% of plumbers out from 10,000. These 12% of plumbers will generate sales 4 times higher than current sales. How many amount of sale would generate by plumbers? 12% *12775= 1533 ( 12% comes from 1200 that attend in meeting for the whole three years) 1533*4=6132 ( 4 comes from 4 times faster installation which means faster installation will lead to higher sales) As a result, we can get the sale increase about 74% of the goal which increase the chance of success. From the case, customers and plumbers do not trust the shower with electronic system (Aqualisa Quartz included). They will not use this type of products because they have bad experience with the electronic shower before. If Aqualisa can show them that the problems were solved and the Aqualisa Quartz actually works. Some of the plumbers and customers are willing to try it. Because the sales from show room are pretty strong (about 20% of the total sales) we can refer the comments from the real users and show them to the potential target groups. That would make them feel more confident to try our product. In conclusion, Aqualisa Quartz was  awarded in the expo but customers and plumbers do not notice. The problem is about the value perceived and trust. Therefore, this award can guarantee the quality and help with the value that is the awarded brand. We can do it by attaching the detail of award into the communication to make customers notice the â€Å"cleverness† and â€Å"elegant design† of Quartz.